"Someone I had trusted had abused that trust and I had felt powerless.”

At 15, Dassi Erlich was repeatedly molested by Malka Leifer, the headmistress of the Adass community school in Melbourne. For years she remained silent. Now she is demanding justice for herself and the many other victims who don’t have a voice. But the wheels of justice, she is discovering, grind exceeding slowly.



‘I can love you and be there for you.’

Malk Leifer

Last week, at the start of a session at Australia’s Limmud-Oz three-day annual study event, Dassi Erlich hesitantly approached the podium and started speaking. Initially, her voice quavered a little; then it stabilized. As she read out a text, silence fell upon the room. Soon, shocked eyes were streaming.

Erlich was telling her story. It is a story that covers an expanse of time and space. From adolescence to adulthood; from Australia to Israel. The story weaves family intrigues, trauma, personal loss and, ultimately, an attempt to make sense of these. But behind them is a sinister, over-arching story – one of sexual abuse.

This was Erlich’s first public disclosure. Her story had been mentioned before in the press but, like so many other cases of sexual abuse, details were sketchy, names had been changed and photographs blurred, but they had not been told in the first person.

Her story begins as a young girl growing up in the ultra-Orthodox community of Adass Israel, some 200 families packed into a square kilometer block of Melbourne’s Elsternwick neighborhood.

It is a reclusive community, steeped in ancient rites and rituals. The men are conspicuous by their attire, wearing dark suits and shtreimels (fur-trimmed hats). Adass Israel has its own kindergartens, schools, restaurants, shops and synagogue; members run their own medical services.

Close knit and anti-Zionist, its members have scant contact with the outside world, including the wider Jewish community. It is what sociologists call a “total institution.” Some would describe it as a parallel universe.

Erlich is the fourth of seven children. She grew up in a home which she describes as abusive, but does not elaborate. “Physically. Emotionally. Quite cool in some ways” is all she offers.

“You need to understand that the Adass Israel community is very exclusive and reclusive,” she says by way of explanation. “No one discusses what goes on at home, because it can have serious repercussions on the reputation of the family and on finding a good shidduch [match for marriage].”

Indeed, every aspect of life in the community is prescribed and scrutinized. There is total segregation between the sexes from a very young age. Members are permitted to use only basic mobile phones, called “kosher phones,” without access to media or the Internet. Books are routinely vetted and censored for inappropriate content.

“The only access to news came in the form of a newsletter, once a week, and my Enid Blyton books had large chunks of text blacked out,” she laughs. When I ask whether she watched any movies in her childhood, she replies with a smile.

“I was 16 when I first watched a film, on video. It was The Sound of Music; but only the first part, because the second part was deemed too explicit,” she chuckles sheepishly.

ADASS ISRAEL School, the community school, also imposes strict gender segregation, with separate campuses for boys and girls. Education focuses largely on religious instruction; secular studies are relegated to a secondary role.

Until recently, the school had no formal curriculum and no matriculation program. Graduates leave with no qualification recognized externally. In 2007, the school management was warned by the state education authority that unless they followed a formal curriculum, it would no longer be registered as a school.

Erlich attended the school from kindergarten, aged three, until grade 12, aged 18, but, as she drily summarizes: “I left school with a year-seven level of English and maths, which doesn’t set you up for life outside.

“Mrs. Leifer knew that I came from an abusive home. She built up this whole relationship with me and I thought ‘wow, I love this person and she loves me and finally I’m worthy.’”

Erlich is referring to Israeli-born Malka Leifer, 51, who served as headmistress of Adass Israel Girls’ School from 2002 to 2008. Years later, she still refers to her as “Mrs. Leifer.”

“I was craving attention and she set herself up to give me that attention. She’d say ‘I am like a mother to you,’ ‘I can love you and be there for you.’”

The preferential treatment included one-on-one lessons in Jewish values and morals. “I was very proud of being the favorite, very proud… you know, it was quite a status. Mrs. Leifer was the most important person in the school. Everyone idolized her.

“On numerous occasions Mrs. Leifer interceded on my behalf at home, particularly when my mother interfered with my schooling. For example, my mother tried to keep me at home during school camps, but a call from Mrs. Leifer rendered her powerless to resist. She had the entire community under her spell.”

For the first time, Erlich felt special. Then, a few months later, something happened that turned her life upside down. Malka Leifer began molesting her.

“I still remember the first time. It is extremely vivid,” she says as her smile vanishes. She describes the first encounter in which Leifer touched her in a wholly inappropriate manner. “I was shocked and in my mind I was thinking: What is happening?! I was 15 at the time. I thought: She is the adult; what she is doing must be right. I did not think past that.”

The abuse became more regular and more serious. It sometimes occurred two or three times a week. It took place at night, during the day, at school, at camp and in Leifer’s house. Leifer would frequently pick up Erlich’s hand and place it on various parts of her own body. Before long, the molestation included digital penetration.

Asked whether she tried to repel Leifer's advances, Erlich considers the questions. “I didn’t have the confidence to say ‘no.’ I just followed. But each time I knew what was about to happen. I did not have the option or power to say ‘no’ to her. After the assault, she’d get up and we would get on with the rest of the day and pretend it never happened.”

And it wasn’t just her.

“I knew my sister had also been abused. One year in camp we slept in the same room and I watched Mrs. Leifer run her fingers over her body in the same way she had done to me. I did nothing. I pretended to be asleep. I still feel guilty about that.”

There are currently 74 charges filed against Leifer for sexual abuse by former students in her care. For Erlich, the abuse ended only when she was matched with a man for marriage. By her own admission, it was an escape strategy.

“When I first met my husband-to-be, it was such a strange meeting. We were sitting at a round table, looking across from each other. This was the first guy I am talking to. I am 19 years old. I had no idea how to talk to him.” After four meetings in the space of one week, they were engaged. Soon after, in 2006, they married.

WHAT FOLLOWED next constitutes a compendium of events that sent Erlich on an inexorable downward spiral. It includes a miscarriage, post-natal depression, a messy divorce, a protracted custody battle, and an irreconcilable rupture with her parents. She finally ended up in a private psychiatric facility where she was diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder.

As with many victims of sexual assault, the trauma finally caught up with her. And like others who have been abused in religious institutions, she turned her back on religion. Today she leads a completely secular life.

A chance meeting with an Australian social worker turned out to be a pivotal turning point in Erlich’s story. “I didn’t know how to talk. All my life I had been silenced. At some point several weeks into therapy she told me something wasn’t adding up. She knew there was something I wasn’t telling her. And so slowly I told her that something had happened to me at school. Someone I had trusted had abused that trust and I had felt powerless.”

Rumors had already been circulating that all was not right at the Adass Israel School. The social worker’s intervention set the wheels of justice in motion.

On an autumn night in March 2008, in a Melbourne home, a teacher and two board members from the Adass Israel School, along with a barrister and a psychologist, gathered to discuss the disturbing allegations against Malka Leifer.

By this time, eight further allegations had been made against her, all related to sexual abuse of students. For the close-knit reclusive community, this was cataclysmic. The board ordered Leifer to stand down as headmistress immediately.

THE ALLEGATIONS considered at the meeting were of a serious criminal nature, yet the board did not alert the police, as Australian law requires. Instead, they hatched their own plan.

The following morning, Leifer’s victims were dumbfounded to discover that she had been spirited out of Australia.

How this happened and the precise sequence of events would only be clarified seven years later, in a court of law, when Erlich filed a civil suit in the Supreme Court of Melbourne against Leifer and Adass Israel School.

Giving evidence, Tammy Koniarski, a travel agent, stated that she had received a call late that night from a board member’s wife, instructing her to book tickets to Israel on a flight departing Melbourne at 1:20 a.m. The passengers were Malka Leifer and four of her children. The tickets were paid for by Adass Israel.

During the trial, the school attempted to deflect all responsibility, but Justice Jack Rush ruled that “in facilitating the urgent departure of Leifer, the board was likely motivated by a desire to conceal her wrongdoing and confine and isolate the conduct and its consequences to within the Adass community... The failure of the board to report the allegations to police prior to arranging Leifer’s urgent departure is deplorable.”

  

The court ruled in Erlich’s favor and the school was ordered to pay her significant monetary compensation for the abuse she had suffered. In his summing up, Justice Rush stated that “the teacher-student relationship between Leifer and the plaintiff was invested with a high degree of power and intimacy [and Leifer used] that power and intimacy to commit sexual abuse.”

Recently, the school announced the appointment of Rabbi Shlomo Kluwgant as the new principal of Adass Israel School. Kluwgant was exposed in the Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse, as one of the rabbis who discouraged victims of sexual abuse in the Chabbad community of Melbourne from reporting their abuse to the police. The decision to appoint him to this senior position has sparked fury and disbelief, also within the Adass community. Erlich is incensed. "In 2000 they hired Leifer. It was a mistake but they could not have known about it back then, but hiring Kluwgant now, given what they know and what has happened at the school, is deeply offensive to me and the other survivors of sexual abuse at the school. It appears they have learnt very little."

Bringing Leifer to face criminal charges, however, is an entirely different story. In October 2013, the Australian Embassy in Tel Aviv formally requested that Israel extradite Leifer to stand trial in Australia.

Extradition proceedings began in 2014, and in August that year Leifer was placed under house arrest in Israel. A hearing date was set, but then the presiding judge, Jerusalem District Court Judge Amnon Cohen, noted that the proceedings could not go ahead as Leifer was hospitalized, suffering psychotic episodes and bouts of panic attacks. A psychiatrist confirmed that she was unfit to attend a hearing. Shortly afterward, Leifer was discharged and a new hearing date was set. Once again, her defense team claimed that she was unfit to attend – a pattern that has repeated itself for more than two years – with Leifer checking herself into different psychiatric wards close to a hearing date and pleading to be too sick to attend.

In January last year, Cohen was asked to rule on Leifer’s lawyers’ request to dismiss the case against her and to halt the extradition proceedings. State Prosecutor Avital Ribner Oron opposed the cessation of extradition proceedings and demanded that, immediately upon release from hospital, Leifer be assessed by a district psychiatrist to determine if she is fit to stand trial.

However, Leifer’s legal team stressed that, even if her mental state improved and her psychotic state ceased, she would only relapse again close to the next hearing date, given the pressure that comes to bear on their client before court hearings. The decision by judge Cohen made sensational news in Australia. The Executive Committee of the Rabbinical Council of Australia and New Zealand reacted by stating that “it is deeply concerned with the outcome of the court hearings in Israel regarding Mrs Leifer’s extradition proceedings and will be voicing its concerns to the Israeli Minister of Justice.” Manny Waks, CEO of Kol V’oz, an advocacy group set up to prevent child sexual abuse in Jewish communities globally – and himself a survivor of sexual abuse – says that the Israeli justice system is becoming a laughing stock internationally in regard to this case. A decision was deferred and Leifer is due to have her case reviewed at the end of the month.

FOR THE time being, Leifer is out of reach of the Australian justice system. Nine years have passed since she fled Australia and found sanctuary in Israel.

Erlich and the many nameless victims of Leifer’s sexual predation are outraged at this impasse. “We were hoping that the Israeli justice system would run its course,” says Erlich, “but it is becoming more and more frustrating.”

Child protection organizations have joined the chorus of disapproval. Tzedek, an Australian-based support and advocacy group for Jewish survivors of child sexual abuse, launched an online petition calling on Israel's justice ministry. to “stop this injustice” and extradite Leifer. Erlich has launched a campaign called “bring Leifer back.”

Surrounding Leifer is a veil of silence. Dr. Shlomo Mendelovich, the psychiatrist who assessed her in Shalvata Mental Health Center and recommended that she not be brought to a court hearing, declined to be interviewed for this article.

Her lawyers, Doron Barzilai and Yehuda Fried, also refused to comment, as did Justice Minister Ayelet Shaked. Leifer, herself, has turned down the opportunity to respond to questions put to her.

“I am not on a crusade,” Erlich declares when I ask why she has chosen to speak out publicly, “but I know there are other people who wish they could come forward but can’t. Either they are still living in the [Adass Israel] community or are in legal proceedings against the school.”

What would she like to happen to Leifer? She pauses for a few seconds and then replies. “I would like to see Malka Leifer punished for what she has done to me and many others, and punished in the way the court deems appropriate.”

Until Leifer faces the music, there can be no real closure for Erlich or the many others who fell prey to Leifer’s alleged molestation and whose stories are unknown and may never be known.

Erlich has finally made sense of what happened to her. At 30, she is able to look into the future and change direction. Last year she successfully finished her studies, qualifying as a nurse. She is the mother of a beautiful six-year old , she has a solid family network with her siblings, and she is in the process of writing a book.

At the end of her statement at Limmud Oz, Erlich turned to the audience. “I would like to finish by thanking you for giving me the chance to tell my story in my own words. I have given interviews and answered questions, but this is the first time I have stood up and expressed it in my own voice. Thank you for giving me this space. It means a lot to me.” 